The Analysis of Directive Speech Acts Used by the Main Characters in Film Entitled Inception and its Application in Teaching Speaking of Senior High School

Abstract

The aims of this research are to identify the types of directive speech acts used by the main character in Inception film and to describe its application in teaching speaking in Senior High School. This research employs descriptive qualitative research. Qualitative research is used to emphasize on describing the phenomenon in its content by interpreting the data. Qualitative data are taken in the form of words (spoken and written) and visual images (observed or creatively produced). The primary data are the utterances containing the speech acts of directive uttered by the main character in Inception film. The data are supported by the context in which the utterances are spoken. Objects of this research are types of directive speech acts which consist of ordering, commanding, requesting, questioning, suggesting, forbidding and inviting used by the main character of the film. The steps of the data analysis are as follows: 1) Observing the directive speech acts used in Inception film comprehensively, 2) Taking a note to any words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that contain the speech act of directive, 3)Identifying and selecting the data based on the types of directive speech acts, 4) Making percentage of the finding of the types of directive speech acts, and 5) Making conclusion based on the data analyzed. The result shows that there are 130 utterances contain directive speech act. Among those types of directive speech acts, questioning is the most frequently used by the main characters in the film. There are 80 utterances using this type of speech act, and the percentage is 61.54%. The second commonly used is ordering. It is used in 20 utterances, and the percentage is 15.38%. The third commonly used is requesting since it employs 11 utterances, and the percentage is 8.46%. Then, it is followed by commanding which employs 9 utterances, and the percentage is 6.92%. Then, the amounts of suggesting there are 7 utterances, and the percentage is 5.38%. Then it is followed by forbidding which employs 3 utterances, and the percentage is 2.31%. The researcher concludes the speech acts, especially directive speech act can be applied in teaching speaking. In teaching speaking, especially in XII grade of Senior High School, directive speech acts can be found in the functional skills materials. Moreover, the application of types of directive speech acts can be used on learning materials of Expressing Gratitude and Performing of Monologue.